39 pages • 1 hour read
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Ada is the young, sympathetic, and kind narrator of Outlawed. The reader follows her journey through the drastic life changes she undergoes in one year. At the start of the novel, she is happy with her traditional life and doesn’t think much about the world outside of her town. But when she is accused of witchcraft, unjustly punished as a scapegoat, and must flee, Ada’s experiences with different types of people completely changes her worldview. Ada learns how to ride a horse, and shoot a gun. She also learns how to let go of her disgust of her own body. As Ada becomes more empowered, she slowly embraces the possibilities of her new life with the Gang.
Though Ada endures many hardships, one of her fundamental qualities is resilience. Through her, North emphasizes that women are capable of doing anything they set their minds to. Ada is also naturally curious. She craves intellectual stimulation and freedom from ignorance. This curiosity also lends itself to activism. It is not enough for Ada to accept the world around her. Rather, she wants to change it for the better. North uses Ada’s character development and her becoming a successful human biologist/midwife to demonstrate the power of pursuing your dreams. Ada does not seem to harbor much resentment toward the backward community that rejected her. Instead, she focuses her attention on making the world a better, more inclusive, and more understanding place. Ada is the narrator, the hero, and the ultimate hope of feminism.
The Kid is the leader of the Hole in the Wall Gang. Never gendered, the Kid lives freely outside gender conventions, on their terms only. The Kid embodies many paradoxes: robbing and even killing innocent people without compunction even while having utmost faith in God and the Bible, wanting to create a new world free of subjugation by forcing a town into submission. The Kid is a complex character, brave and kind, but also ruthless and prone to violence. Through the character of the Kid, North blurs the often-rigid lines between masculinity and femininity. The Kid’s fluidity, strength, and protective instinct contrast with their manic visions of God-given power.
North suggests that the Kid is a natural leader, contrasting their soft authority over the Gang with Sheriff Branch’s cynical authoritarian approach to ruling Fairchild. Raised by a preacher, the Kid has always had a talent for analyzing the world and bringing people together. However, their mental instability threatens the group the Kid leads—when power rests in the hands of one person, no matter how sympathetic, it is a precarious situation.
News is an important member of the Hole in the Wall Gang. A mixed-race woman attracted to women, News is the only one in the group who faces both homophobia and racism. News’s backstory addresses the ways repressive attitudes towards sexuality, gender, and race intersect: She had to flee her birth town when a traveling anti-miscegenation preacher convinced its mayor that mixed-race people should not be tolerated. The intersectionality of News’s identity highlights the necessity of inclusion in society.
The strong and unapologetic News is a source of inspiration for Ada. After all, if News can fight against the powers that despise her for many reasons she can’t control, why can’t Ada do the same? News provides a much-needed reminder that feminism has historically excluded women of color and queer women.
Lark, a man castrated for his attraction to men, represents a new way of thinking about sexuality. Ada’s attraction to Lark demonstrates the fluid nature of sexuality: Lark is hardly the type of man Ada would have found suitable had she stayed in conservative Fairchild. Experiencing sex with Lark opens Ada’s mind. Lark helps her express desire without the end of goal of pregnancy, thereby helping Ada see that her body is capable of intense pleasure for the sake of pleasure.
Lark also represents another group of marginalized people: men with sexual fluidity, who are abused by the same structure of society that harmed Ada. Lark is the victim of homophobia, and even though as a man, he has the privilege of leaving his town and finding work elsewhere.
Sheriff Branch is the ideal representative for society ills. He cares more about protecting the status quo than he does about honoring justice. Though he knows that Ada is not a witch, still he turns her into a scapegoat for his unhappy citizens. That he knows Ada is innocent highlights the cynical cruelty of a society that feels no moral dilemma in sacrificing someone for the greater good. Branch’s role in the novel also highlights North’s criticism of communities run exclusively by white, Christian, straight males. The sheriffs and the mayors hold almost total power and influence in their towns and answer to no one for their decisions.
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