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50 pages • 1 hour read

Love: A Novel

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 2003

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Symbols & Motifs

Bill Cosey’s Portrait

Content Warning: This section discusses racism, sexual assault, child abuse, child marriage, and violence, as they appear in the narrative.

Though Bill Cosey is a central figure in the novel, he is long dead by the time the book begins in the 1990s. Many of the novel’s plot points, such as the fight over the will, revolve around the difficulty of interpreting Cosey’s intentions and behavior. Throughout the novel, Bill Cosey’s portrait is a symbol that represents Cosey himself. Every character in the novel has different reactions to Cosey’s portrait and their difference in interpretations point to the man’s ambiguity.

For Vida Gibbons, the portrait represents Cosey as a “powerful, generous friend” when it hangs behind the reception desk where she works (44). It reminds her that Cosey is her and her family’s benefactor and that his generosity has helped establish their financially stable (though not wealthy) lifestyle. Sandler Gibbons privately disagrees with this interpretation, believing that Cosey is looking at Celestial, his mistress, with the pride of “first ownership” (44). To him, the portrait represents Cosey’s duplicity and his belief that wealth entitles him to power over others.

Junior is attracted to the portrait before she even knows who Cosey is, calling him “her Good Man” (115). She thinks that they “recognized each other the very first night when he gazed at her from his portrait” (31). Her desire to be chosen, protected, and loved are projected onto the portrait and hence onto Cosey. After the closure of the hotel, Heed moves the portrait above her bed and sees it as emblematic of her “wonderful man” (25). The closeness of the portrait to her bedchamber underscores her belief that he was watching over her and that she is the rightful owner of the hotel. In contrast, Christine sees the portrait as disturbing due to her resentful feelings about her grandfather and his legacy. As she goes about her chores in the house, she is trying not to shiver before the “‘come on’ eyes in the painting over that grotesque bed” (96). In this sense, the portrait as Cosey’s surrogate represents the enduring nature of Christine and other characters’ trauma.

Snakes

Snakes are a motif throughout Junior’s sections of the novel, and they represent The Corruption of Innocence as well as danger. Snakes are symbols of danger and sin, especially in Christian texts since the devil took the form of a snake to tempt Eve to sin (Genesis 3: 1-15). As a child, Junior gives a captured snake as a gift to her only friend at school, Peter Paul Fortas, who is fascinated by her knowledge of the natural world. Initially, the snake is part of an innocent gift exchange, representing the naivety of childhood. This is emphasized by Morrison’s use of childlike diction when she describes the snake: “[S]he gave him a baby cottonmouth curled in a bottle and he gave her a jumbo box of crayons” (55-56). However, despite the intentions of the gift, a cottonmouth is a venomous snake. In Genesis, Eve listens to the snake and is banished from Eden. The cottonmouth similarly foreshadows Junior’s loss of innocence.

Though Junior later thinks, “the cottonmouth was a snake, after all, and it did them in” (56), the real threat to innocence was humanity, not the snake. Junior’s uncles characterize the snake as a theft from the Settlement, run her over with a car, and lie about doing so. This encounter causes Junior to shed any childhood naivety and run away from home at the age of 11. Later in the novel, snakes figure prominently in Junior’s nightmares “when upright snakes on tiny feet lay in wait, their thin green tongues begging her to come down from the tree” (28). She envisions being rescued from the snakes by a mysterious male figure whom she later comes to identify as Cosey.

Police-Heads

Police-heads are imaginary monsters discussed by the people of Up Beach. L. describes them as “dirty things with big hats who shoot up out of the ocean to harm loose women and eat disobedient children” (4). Residents of Up Beach believe them to be the “outside evil” that explains human behavior such as murder and infidelity, as well as accidental death. In the novel, they symbolize the forces of evil that threaten those who step outside of the social order. Celestial does not fear them, and L. remembers being a child and seeing Celestial swim freely in the ocean, unafraid of the danger. Celestial is able to shake off societal disapproval and move through the world freely, unlike other characters.

The word “police” in Police-heads also emphasizes the fraught relationship between law enforcement and the Black community. Characters throughout the book reference the danger inherent in encounters with police. Christine remembers being abused and sexually harassed when she was arrested, and Sandler fears that Romen may be harmed by police officers if they encounter him on the street.

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