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Susan is back in London. She knocks at a door, and Foe answers, welcoming Susan and Friday into his small apartment. He assures Susan that he is progressing with her story, though admits that he is writing “slowly” (114). Mrs. Thrush directed Susan and Friday to Foe’s new lodgings when they returned from Bristol. Foe has a number of questions about Susan’s time in Brazil, which Susan promises to answer as best as she can. Foe wonders whether Friday was ever sexually interested in Susan; she says no, as he has become like a shadow to her. Foe wants to know about Susan’s daughter, believing that a reunion between Susan and her daughter would be the perfect way to end the book. He wants to set this story in the context of “a larger story” (117). Susan does not share his opinion, as she has come to believe that the real story is the removal of Friday’s tongue. She wants to show Foe that this subject is suitable for a story. She frames the removal of the tongue as an analogy for a brutal castration; she has seen Friday naked, but she cannot imagine writing about such an “atrocious mutilation” in a book (119), so they must use metaphor.
Susan accuses Foe of being one of the “notorious libertines” (120). Part of his seduction is reframing her story, and she will not allow this. Susan is of the belief that only a small place with few people can be properly portrayed in fiction. Foe does not agree. He tells a story about a thief who confessed to her priest the night before she was to be hanged. She began confessing to many crimes, so many that the priest who listened to her confession eventually told her to stop. Foe tells another story in which a similarly condemned woman searched for a family to adopt her daughter. When one of the jailers’ wives agreed to adopt the child, the woman willingly went to her execution. Foe shares these stories as a way to show Susan that “there are more ways than one of living eternally” through stories (125).
Susan admits that she has lost hope that her story will make her wealthy. She asks Foe whether he knows “the story of the Muse” (126), the figure from Greek mythology who inspired poets. At this time, she has spent two days without food. She is dressed in rags. Even if she can find work, she cannot do so without sharing her story with the world. Fate is what brought her together with Foe, and he must write the story. The conversation is interrupted by Jack, an errand boy, who is sent by Foe to fetch food for three people. He is a “notable pick-pocket” without any parents (128), Foe explains. Looking at Friday, Foe wonders whether Friday might be happier with his people. When Jack brings the food, he also says that visitors have arrived to see Foe. Susan, Friday, and Foe eat the food.
After they finish their food, Foe leaves to fetch the visitors. A woman and a girl enter the room; Susan recognizes the girl as little Susan Barton, whom she left behind in Epping Forest. Susan does not recognize the woman, though the little girl introduces her as Amy, her nurse when she was young. Again, Susan denies any knowledge of the girl or Amy. As Susan feels dizzy, Foe leads her to a chair. Everyone studies Susan, who becomes increasingly vehement that she does not know the girl. This is not her child, she insists. Foe is trying to force a happy ending to her story, but she has begun to doubt herself. She does not know who to trust, including herself. Foe does not answer her questions. Instead, he kisses Susan. After she struggles away from his kiss, Foe convinces her not to leave. Instead, he gives Jack some money and sends the boy away. Amy also makes her excuses, citing the late hour, and takes the young girl with her. Susan would also like to leave, but Foe invites her to “spend the night” (137). He says that Friday can sleep in the corner on a mat behind a curtain. As Friday lays down, Susan goes to the bed with Foe. She does not know whether having sex with him will affect her story.
Susan and Foe talk as they lay beside each other. Foe wants to know about Susan’s dreams. When they kiss, he bites her lip. As Susan protests, he apologizes and says that this is his “manner of preying on the living” (139). When they have sex, Susan’s mind drifts back to the island. While on top of Foe, she thinks of herself as a classical muse, visiting a poet. After sex, Foe lays quietly. When he has recovered enough strength, he whispers quietly about sea monsters. He imagines a monster attacking Friday, who paddles his log around the island. He may have been visiting the sunken ship, Foe imagines, casting his petals onto the water to commemorate the deaths of the enslaved people who drowned aboard the ship. The memory of the enslaved people, Foe imagines, is like a monster rising from the deep that must be placated. As a writer, he must dive into similar depths to tell Friday’s story. He must “open Friday’s mouth and hear what it holds” (142). There could be silence inside, he says, or a great roar. Together, Susan and Foe come to an agreement: They want to understand and write Friday’s story. Foe falls asleep. Susan lies awake, preoccupied with her thoughts. Eventually, she falls asleep.
When Susan wakes, Foe is writing at his desk. As Susan and Friday prepare to leave, Foe tells them to stop. He asks Susan to teach Friday to write, giving her “a child’s slate and a pencil” so that she can be his teacher (145). With Foe’s money, Susan takes Friday to find something to eat. They eat together in a churchyard, where Susan makes her first attempts to teach Friday. She is not successful. They return together to Foe’s apartment, where Foe hears Susan’s complaints and tells her to persevere, as “Friday may yet surprise [them]” (147). During their conversation, Friday takes up the pencil. He covers the slate in drawings of feet, each fitted with an open eye. Friday then wipes his work from the slate. This angers Susan, who says that she has been carrying Friday with her like a burden. She wants to be free to live her own life. She argues with Foe about freedom, particularly as it pertains to Friday. Rather than argue, Foe tells Susan to “go for a stroll” (150). He will stay with Friday.
Susan walks through the streets of London. Her thoughts turn to Foe and their various interactions. Eventually, she returns to the apartment. There, Friday is sitting at the writing desk. He has found his robes and wig, which he wears while holding the pencil in his hand. Susan approaches him, but Foe tells her to wait. Friday, he says, is getting to know the writing tools. This is an important part of learning how to write, so they sit and watch him together from the end of the bed. When Susan examines Friday’s efforts, she discovers that he has tried to write out the letter “o” over and over again. Foe promises that Friday will learn another letter tomorrow with Susan’s help.
Part 3 is distinct from everything that precedes it in Foe: Part 1 was a manuscript, written by Susan, and Part 2 was a series of letters, also written by Susan. Part 3, however, is narrated from Susan’s first-person perspective, but it is not presented as anything other than narrative. This change in narrative mode represents a change within Susan and highlights the theme of Stories and Agency. When she was writing to Foe, she was unsure of her talents as a writer. She felt dependent on him, believing that her story would only be published if a man, and a professional writer, told it on her behalf. At that time, she also believed that the story might make her, and Friday, rich and famous. She has abandoned such beliefs, however. Now, Susan simply wants the story to be told in a manner that she controls, as it is her story and, therefore, one of the few things in which she has agency. She is no longer conditioning her narration on the presumption that it will only be read by men such as Foe. Instead, the narration is more traditionally literary, serving the purpose of an actual novel rather than a manuscript or a series of letters. After being cast adrift by Foe, Susan has found herself as a writer. Now, she wants to tell a story. Importantly, however, the story she now hopes to tell is no longer her own; it is the story of Friday. Part 3 is less an attempt to convince Foe to tell her story as she wants and more an attempt to convince him that Friday should be given the power to tell his own story to them.
Over the course of the novel, Susan’s growth as a writer is evidenced in the ways in which she has come to resemble Foe. Earlier in the story, she criticized Cruso for his domineering and brutal attitude toward Friday. Since Cruso’s death, however, she has replaced Cruso in Friday’s life. She has become his enslaver in everything but name, forcing him to leave the island that he called home in hope of a better life, which never manifested, and forcing him to walk to Bristol from London for reasons that he cannot fathom. Susan acknowledges this hypocrisy, noting that she wants to help Friday be free and empowered, even though she cannot communicate these ideas to him in any meaningful fashion. By the end of Part 3, Susan has convinced Foe that they need to grant Friday the opportunity to tell his story on his terms, which speaks to the theme of Stories and Agency, with a desire to give Friday agency. Moreover, just as Foe tried to control the presentation of Susan’s story, she is controlling the presentation of Friday’s story. Foe, as a novel, is written from Susan’s perspective. Her letters and manuscripts tell Friday’s story; since he cannot tell her what happened in the past, many of her characterizations of Friday are either inferred based on her own biases or projected onto him by her according to her own beliefs. Susan has become so comfortable as a writer that she is beginning to manipulate the presentation of other people’s stories, a hypocritical move given her past criticisms of Foe’s desire to change her story to better suit public consumption. In their differing views and approaches to both the story itself and Friday, Foe and Susan embody Different Perspectives.
In Part 3, Susan frames the story of Friday’s life as the story of Friday’s tongue. Unconsciously, she has settled on the missing tongue as a metaphor for the suffering that Friday has endured. Without his tongue, Friday cannot speak. His tongue was taken in an act of brutal colonial violence, an act that is emblematic of the denial of non-white voices in the imperial society of 18th-century Britain. Susan’s literary mind reaches for a way to express the violence endured by Friday in a way that will be suitable for contemporary audiences. As she mentions, the discussion of a more brutal castration or mutilation is considered impossible. The story she wants to tell is the story of the missing tongue, as this is the best way in which to convey the reality of Friday’s voiceless suffering. Foe shifts from a reimagining of Robinson Crusoe with a woman as a protagonist to the possibility of a reimagining of the same novel but elevating the African character. In a sense, Susan wants to give a voice to the voiceless, to recast Defoe’s Friday as a human character and the victim of colonial brutality. In her struggle to maintain her own voice, Susan appears to have realized that Friday is not even able to use his literal voice or communicate his experiences.
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By J. M. Coetzee